This study recorded the sounds of Danongdafu Forest Park to understand the distribution of
various environmental sounds across different times and spaces using the concept of soundscape.
We analyzed and compared the characteristics of bird songs, and provided management suggestions
for recreational resources. Eight audio sampling sites were selected across 3 habitat types,
including forest, mixed and near water. Two days were chosen each month for 8-minute audio
recordings during morning, noon, and afternoon periods from June 2017 through May 2018. A
total of 76 hours and 48 minutes of recorded data were collected. Our findings revealed that the
sounds of vehicles and people were the main unnatural sounds of Danongdafu Forest Park and the
proportion of unnatural sounds was higher from Nov. 2017 through Mar 2018. The proportion of
unnatural sounds was higher at the entrance to the bird watching platform, accessible boardwalk,
food forest, and Peida canal, while it was lower along the north and south bicycle path, north bank
of the Dahe river, and along the forest trail. As for natural sounds, a total of 76 bird species were
recorded. Among season, time period, and habitat type factors, season emerged as the most significant
factor explaining the variation of bird assemblages. Throughout the year, the diversity of bird
sounds (species richness and abundance) was higher during winter and spring, which was likely related
to the presence of migratory birds and the onset of the breeding season. Several management
methods are suggested. First, anthropogenic sounds can be mitigated through reducing the speed
limit for vehicles, improving road pavement, using electric shuttle buses, installing noise barriers,
and improving visitor education. Second, for conservation, improve noise management and monitor
the activities of birds during the breeding season and migration. Third, apply the results of this
study to environmental education and itinerary planning to establish a forest park focused on a
soundscape experience that enhances the various sensory experiences and recreational benefits.