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Extractive Contents and DPPH-Scavenging Activities of Bamboo Leaf Extracts from Gigantochloa atter, Dendrocalamus asper, and Gigantochloa verticillata

  • Date of declaration:2020-04-30
Rini Pujiarti、Sri Suryani、Sigit Sunarta、Ganis Lukmandaru、Brandon Aristo Verick Purba
Year
2020
Key Words
phytochemical screening, phenolic, antioxidant, flavonoid, successive extraction.
Abstract

In this study, we investigated the extractive contents, phenolic content, and DPPH-scavenging activity of leaf extracts of 3 commonly cultivated bamboo species (Gigantochloa atter, Dendrocalamus asper, and G. verticillata) from Tlogoadi Village, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Extractions were successively done by reflux, using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hot water. The extracts were subjected to the following procedures: phytochemical screening for alkaloids, saponins, and tannins; a colorimetric assay for total phenolic and flavonoid contents; and a DPPH radicalscavenging capacity assay. Results showed that hot water produced the highest yields of G. atter (3.62%) and D. asper (3.16%), while n-hexane produced the highest yield of G. verticillata (2.46%). Phytochemical screening detected saponins in the hot-water extract of G. atter, and tannins were present in the ethanol (70%, v v-1) extract of all 3 bamboo species. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest in the ethyl-acetate extract of D. asper (26.09 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1) and G. verticillata (92.67 mg quercetin equivalents g-1), respectively. The hot water-soluble extract of G. verticillata showed the lowest 50% inhibitory concentration of 662.41 μg ml-1. The present study indicates that the 3 bamboo leaf extracts can potentially be used as natural sources of antioxidants and phytochemicals, especially the polar extract of G. verticillata with its high flavonoid content and mild DPPH-scavenging activity.