In this study, we surveyed the types of microhabitats where Niviventer coninga dispersed seeds to determine their role in the regeneration of Castanopsis indica (Fagaceae) in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in southwestern Taiwan. In March 2011, we simulated the scatterhoarding behavior of N. coninga by equally distributing 360 marked seeds across six different microhabitats. These seeds were tracked over the course of one year, from their initial release through seedling emergence. In April 2012, we counted the number of C. indica seedlings in each of six microhabitats, and calculated the germination rate. Our results revealed that the litter layer had the highest germination rate (83.3%), followed by the soil layer (76.7%) among the six microhabitat types. In our 2008 study, a higher percentage of seeds (60.2%, 127 of 211) was dispersed by N. coninga into the litter layer, a microhabitat favorable for C. indica seed germination and seedling establishment; and although only 13.3% (28 of 211) of the seeds were dispersed into the soil layer, the germination rate in soil was higher. These findings suggest that N. coninga not only acts as a seed predator but also serves as an effective disperser for C. indica seeds, particularly in favorable microhabitats that support successful germination and seedling establishment.